Skin Science and Health – November 04, 2025
Mitosis in Skin Cells – The Engine of Renewal
Mitosis is the vital process of cell division driving skin renewal, repair, and regeneration. This continuous cycle maintains a healthy barrier and youthful appearance, influenced by factors like nutrition, hormones, sleep, and UV exposure. Support mitosis for resilient, clear skin.
Skin Science and Health – November 04, 2025
What Is Acne
Acne is an inflammatory condition caused by excess oil, clogged pores, bacteria , and immune reactions. This guide covers different types o acne, root causes , lifestyle tips , skincare routines, and medical treatments for clearer and heathier skin.
Skin Science and Health – November 04, 2025
Rosacea: Understanding, Managing, and Healing Sensitive Skin
Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin condition linked to immune, vascular and barrier dysfunction. Learn about its causes, triggers and effective strategies combining medical treatments, skin care, and nutrition-based support to heal and balance sensitive skin.
Skin Science and Health – November 04, 2025
Skin Inflammation and Balance: Understanding Acne, Rosacea and Related Conditions
Skin inflammation such as acne an rosacea reflect deeper systemic imbalances involving your gut , hormones , immune system and skin barrier. Learn how internal factors contribute to external flare-ups and discover effective, science-backed strategies for lasting skin health and clarity.
Skin Science and Health – October 29, 2025
Seborrhoeic Dermatitis: Causes, Triggers, and How to Support the Skin
Seborrhoeic dermatitis is a common skin condition that causes red, flaky, or oily patches on the scalp and face. This blog explores key causes, triggers, and effective ways to support the skin barrier and manage flare-ups through gentle skin care, lifestyle changes, and targeted treatments.
Skin Science and Health – June 20, 2025
Inflammageing- what is it and what can I do to prevent it?
Fatigue, stiffness, pain and brain fog can all be attributed to inflammation in the body , now believed to drive many of the diseases we associate with ageing from dementia to heart disease. Symptoms to look for :, Tummy pain Chest pain Depression, anxiety or mood disorders Fatigue and/or insomnia Fever Frequent infections Gastrointestinal (GI) issues like diarrhea, constipation and pain.
Skin Science and Health – June 14, 2025
Understanding the Skin Microbiome.
Understanding the Skin Microbiome The skin microbiome refers to the diverse community of microorganisms that reside on the skin's surface and in its deeper layers. These microorganisms include bacteria, fungi, viruses, and mites, collectively forming a complex ecosystem known as the skin microbiota. Although the idea of bacteria living on our skin may be concerning, a lot of these microorganisms are actually helpful and are important for keeping our skin healthy. The skin microbiome serves several crucial functions: Barrier Protection: Beneficial bacteria on the skin help to defend against harmful pathogens, secreting antimicrobial substances and outcompeting them for resources to create balance. Immune Regulation: The microbiome interacts with the immune system, helping to modulate its responses and prevent inflammatory conditions. Skin Hydration: Certain bacteria produce substances that help to retain moisture in the skin, contributing to hydration and suppleness. Wound Healing: Some microorganisms support the wound healing process by promoting tissue repair and reducing inflammation. Factors Affecting the Skin Microbiome Several factors can influence the composition and diversity of the skin microbiome: Hygiene Practices: Excessive cleansing and the use of harsh antibacterial soaps can disrupt the skin's natural balance of microbes. Diet: Nutrient-rich diets can support a healthy microbiome, while diets high in sugar and processed foods may negatively impact microbial diversity. Environmental Exposures: UV radiation, pollution, and other environmental factors can alter the skin microbiome. When trying to achieve healthy and glowing skin, we usually concentrate on things like skincare routines, moisturisers, and cleansers. The skin microbiome plays a critical role in maintaining skin health and vitality, and nurturing this complex ecosystem is essential for achieving radiant skin. While skincare products certainly play a role in supporting the microbiome, supplements can offer additional support by addressing internal factors that influence microbial balance. By incorporating probiotics, prebiotics, antioxidants, and omega-3 fatty acids into your daily regime, you can help promote a diverse and resilient skin microbiome, resulting in healthier calmer skin . I have seen Clients benefit from both topical skin that incorporate probiotics ingredients some of these include @Dermaceutic @Sasta - an Irish made topical supplement Sásta Microbiome Booster Serum is formulated to act with your skin microbiota by using a combination of microbiome – friendly ingredients. @DMK skincare @Eminence Organic skincare . @Aveeno etc etc Food sources should be your first choice over probiotic supplements. Taking a lot of supplements is not the answer as balance is key. A lot does not mean better. Some people do not do well with probiotics. Seek professional advice if you require help or on other medication. Study looks at food based probiotics vs supplements. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25117939/ Recent studies are investigating the potential of personalised skincare regimes tailored to an individual's unique skin microbiome profile, paving the way for more targeted and targeted effective approaches to achieving radiant and healthy skin. The issues associated with this is that everyone has a different kind of microbiome. Did you know that you also have different kinds of microbes on different parts of the body. But there is no doubt about their importance in terms of health and wellbeing. The Role of Supplements Maintaining a balanced diet that includes a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins is crucial for supporting overall skin health. Additionally, adopting healthy lifestyle habits such as staying hydrated, getting enough sleep, and managing stress can also have a positive impact on the skin. A holistic approach is the best approach to improve gut and skin health include maintaining a balanced diet, taking probiotics, staying hydrated, managing stress, and exercising regularly. Try to eat a healthy, balanced diet. Keep a diary of what you eat and any symptoms you get – try to avoid things that trigger your IBS. Try to drink at least 8 to 10 drinks of fluid (around 1.5 litres) a day, such as water or non-caffeinated drinks such as herbal tea. Find ways to relax. Try to get plenty of exercise.This is great to help with stress. Sleep is essential. Did you know that we have approximately 39 trillion bacteria living in our body- they help protect us and keep us healthy. The majority of this bacteria lives in the gut , they help break down fibre ( fibre feeds bacteria) and produce vitamins like B12 and K2. Research suggests that approximately 70 % of our immune system lives in our gut. This is why maintaining a healthy gut is crucial for health. The delicate gut flora is easily disrupted. Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis: Triggers, Consequences, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Options - PMC https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8954387/ I hear good things about Symprove - you take this ten minutes before a meal. Clients tell me that it has really helped with IBS symptoms. Read more https://crohnscolitis.ie/about/news/symprove/o How long do you need to take Symprove for? Symprove suggests you take a full dose (70ml) daily for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks you can choose whether to take a maintenance dose’ (of anywhere up to 60ml) each day. @Symprove Goats yogurt is another option. Again some clients claim that this has had a real positive effect on gut health. @Glenisk Several skin conditions are linked to gut health . An unhealthy gut can lead to inflammation and an imbalanced microbiome, which can manifest as skin conditions such as acne and eczema. Issues like dysbiosis and leaky gut syndrome are often linked to these skin problems. Dysbiosis is an imbalance in the gut microbiome, often caused by bacterial or parasitic infections, overgrowth of harmful bacteria, or food sensitivities. This imbalance can lead to inflammation and skin conditions like psoriasis, eczema, and rosacea. Dysbiosis occurs when the gut ecosystem is disturbed, typically through a reduction in beneficial bacteria, an overgrowth of harmful bacteria, or significant loss of microbial diversity. When the microbiome shifts away from a healthy equilibrium, it compromises the gut’s ability to function optimally, setting the stage for GI related symptoms, and a range of other health issues. Functional medicine can address these symptoms, to seek to find the root cause . Dietary modifications are a cornerstone of treatment, with a focus on eliminating inflammatory foods and increasing nutrient-dense, gut-healing options such as bone broth, fermented foods, and anti-inflammatory nutrients. Restoring microbiome balance is also critical, often through the use of probiotics, prebiotics, adequate digestive enzyme and stomach acid production, and targeted supplements. Stress management techniques, including mindfulness practices, yoga, and ensuring adequate sleep, are vital for reducing inflammation and supporting overall gut health. Additionally, practitioners may recommend specific supplements, such as L-glutamine for intestinal repair, zinc carnosine for mucosal integrity, and omega-3 fatty acids to reduce systemic inflammation. Testing to identify imbalances and triggers, such as stool analysis for bacterial, parasite, or microbial factors; intestinal permeability panels; and SIBO testing, can help tailor interventions to the patient’s specific needs and ensure progress is monitored effectively.
Skin Science and Health – June 07, 2025
Why we need to protect skin exposed to UV
They say a picture paints a thousand words - this picture certainly tells a story . The story of visible ageing and how it shows on the surface of the skin - this takes several years to come to the surface. Unfortunately during these many years - there is significant DNA damage accumulating. This is a picture of a 92-year-old female, who used UV-protection on her face but not on the neck for 40+ years. Notice the difference in how her skin has aged . If you needed evidence to prove the benefits of SPF this is it .
Skin Science and Health – June 06, 2025
Sunburn
Sunburn, a painful and unsightly consequence of excessive sun exposure, is a radiation burn caused by ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. When the skin is subjected to these harmful UV rays, it triggers a defensive mechanism, leading to inflammation, redness, and potential blistering
Skin Science and Health – May 07, 2025
The Power of Antioxidants for Healthy, Radiant Skin
The Power of Antioxidants for Healthy, Radiant SkinYour Skincare Routine’s Secret Weapon Antioxidants are often referred to as the “superfoods” of skincare – we know they’re essential, but many of us aren’t quite sure what they actually do for our skin. In reality, antioxidants are some of the most important ingredients in any anti-ageing and skin-protective routine. Here’s why: Why Antioxidants Matter in Skincare Antioxidants are powerhouse molecules that help protect the skin from oxidative stress caused by free radicals – unstable molecules that damage healthy skin cells and accelerate signs of ageing. These free radicals can come from UV exposure, pollution, smoking, toxins, and even stress. Left unchecked, they contribute to wrinkles, fine lines, dark spots, dullness, and inflammation. Topical antioxidants help neutralise free radicals on the skin’s surface, reducing this damage before it becomes visible. They also support the skin's natural repair process, calm inflammation, and promote a brighter, more youthful-looking complexion. What Do Antioxidants Do for Your Skin? 1. Combat AgeingFree radicals accelerate the breakdown of collagen and slow the skin’s natural regeneration. Antioxidants counteract this process by preventing and repairing damage – helping to maintain firmness, reduce fine lines, and support skin elasticity. 2. Brighten and Even Skin ToneAntioxidants like Vitamin C are known for their brightening effects. They help reduce the appearance of pigmentation and sunspots by interfering with melanin production, resulting in a more even, radiant skin tone. 3. Reduce InflammationAntioxidants have natural anti-inflammatory properties, which means they soothe the skin, calm redness, and help the skin bounce back from environmental stressors. This is particularly important after sun exposure and for sensitive skin conditions. 4. Support Skin Repair and ResilienceBy reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, antioxidants allow your skin to repair itself more efficiently. Some antioxidants even stimulate collagen production, making them invaluable in long-term anti-ageing routines. Antioxidants to Look for in Skincare Let’s break down some of the most effective and widely studied antioxidants to look for in your skincare products: 🧡 Vitamin CA gold-standard antioxidant that brightens skin, boosts collagen, and reduces pigmentation. It’s ideal for morning use to protect against UV damage throughout the day.Shop our Double Defence Kit – Free SPF with Vitamin C Antioxidant 💛 Niacinamide (Vitamin B3)A multi-tasking ingredient that improves skin texture, minimises pores, reduces redness, and calms inflammation. Excellent for those with sensitive skin, rosacea, or acne. Shop SkinCeuticals Metacell Renewal B3 - 50ml 🍇 ResveratrolKnown as the "longevity molecule," this antioxidant fights inflammation, supports firmness, and works best at night when your skin is in repair mode. Shop SkinCeuticals Resveratrol BE® - 30ml 🌿 Vitamin EA nourishing antioxidant that helps heal and hydrate the skin. It also works synergistically with Vitamin C and other antioxidants to enhance their effectiveness. 🌙 Retinol (Vitamin A)The most researched skincare ingredient for anti-ageing. Retinol stimulates collagen, speeds up cell turnover, and fades discolouration. Use it at night, starting with a low concentration, and always under professional guidance.Shop SkinCeuticals Retinol 0.3% Nighttime Cream Final Thought: Consistency is Key Much like your diet, your skin thrives on a consistent routine rich in high-quality, nourishing ingredients. Antioxidants don’t just work overnight – their real magic lies in consistent, long-term use. By incorporating a blend of powerful antioxidants into your daily routine, you're not only defending your skin against environmental stressors, but also actively supporting its health and vitality. And don’t forget – for best results, always follow your antioxidant serums with a high-factor broad-spectrum SPF. Even the best ingredients need protection from the sun to perform at their best. Ready to build your antioxidant-rich skincare routine?Explore our curated range of antioxidant serums and treatment kits at nualawoulfe.ie, or visit us in-store for expert guidance tailored to your skin’s needs.
Skin Science and Health – November 01, 2024
Why do we need to protect our skin from environmental and UV damage.
When it comes to extrinsic ageing, science shows that there is a significant reduction in collagen 1, 3 and 7 when we are exposed to these environmental factors. We need to protect the skin from this kind of damage as well as cellular damage. Cellular damage is hugely impacted by something called Free Radical Theory. This is where atoms steal electrons from healthy atoms causing more inflammation and more damage to the DNA and cell structures. That propagates more free radical damage and breaks down collagen fibres
Skin Science and Health – March 27, 2024
Acne - Causes & Treatments
Acne, also known as acne vulgaris, a common skin condition which leads to an outbreak of blackheads, whiteheads, and pus-filled spots. Acne vulgaris is normally triggered by the hormonal changes that may occur during puberty. This condition can appear in various places on the body from neck, back, face, and chest, it will generally worsen during adolescence. Scarring is most likely to take place with severe acne, which may then cause a lack of confidence. Acne improves and starts to resolve with age by the late teens and into the twenties but for some people, it will persist for a longer period.
Skin Science and Health – July 16, 2024
Understanding and Managing Rosacea: Essential Tips and Treatments
Discover the key to managing Rosacea with this comprehensive guide. Learn about the symptoms, triggers, and essential dos and don’ts for soothing your skin. Explore effective treatments like LED therapy and laser options to reduce inflammation and redness. Find out how to build a gentle skincare routine that supports your skin's health and prevents flare-ups.
Skin Science and Health – July 11, 2024
Understanding Cellular Turnover
Cellular turnover is the process of producing new skin cells to replace existing skin cells and is vital to keeping your skin smooth, healthy, and glowing. Unfortunately, like many biological processes in the body, it’s also something that can slow down and become less efficient as we age.
Skin Science and Health – April 14, 2024
Seborrhoea Dermatitis
What is seborrheic dermatitis?This is a common skin condition that causes a scaly rash on oily areas of the body like the scalp and face. The rash can appear on the skin in many different ways, and sometimes looks like another dry skin condition. Manage dietary sugar intake to reduce internal triggers. Sebborhea dermatitis can cause irritation on skin as the scales from the scalp land in the facial skin .
Skin Science and Health – March 09, 2024
Skin Ageing - pro skin ageing.
So what exactly constitutes ageing skin ? The answer depends on two factors: chronological age and biological ageing . Chronological age refers to how old you are based on your birth date, while biological age refers to how well your body is aging in relation to your chronological age. For example, one person may be 60 years old but have the biological age of a 50-year-old because they’ve taken great care of their health and appearance over the years.
Skin Science and Health – March 02, 2024
Keratosis pilaris.
Keratosis pilaris happens when keratin — a protein involved in forming hair, skin and nails — builds up and, along with dead skin cells, clogs hair follicles. These blockages are what cause those small bumps. It is a very common condition with an estimated 40 percent of adults and 50 to 80 percent of teenagers who have keratosis pilaris.
Skin Science and Health – February 04, 2024
Hair Loss and Scalp health.
Hair loss can be caused by many reasons including hereditary factors, poor diet, hormone changes and certain medications.Alopecia is an umbrella term for conditions characterised by hair loss. It is not contagious, though sometimes it can be a sign of other health problems. Alopecia areata, an autoimmune disease, is one of the more common types of alopecia. Not all of them are related to an unusual immune system response, though. Some types of alopecia are related to genetic, lifestyle, or environmental factors, as well as psychological conditions that lead to hair pulling. Treatments for many types of alopecia are the same and may involve oral medications and topical therapies. For some alopecia types, behavioural changes are needed to reverse hair loss. Seek the advice of a Dermatologist as soon as you notice hair loss – there is a lot that can be done.
Skin Science and Health – December 15, 2023
What is Photo Ageing in Skin?
Throughout our lives we are exposed to sunlight and ultra-violet light which is responsible for 90% of the visible changes we see in our skin as we get older. In fact, fine lines, wrinkles and pigmentation are all a cumulative effect of photo ageing rather than just our age. So how you can prevent signs of photo-ageing and even stop it from developing in the first place?
Skin Science and Health – November 03, 2023
Age Spots - Causes and Treatment Options
Age spots or ‘sun spots’ are dark patches that appear on the skin. Acommon form of hyperpigmentation, they are usually relatively smalland flat and are brown or black in colour. Age spots typically affectpeople over the age of 40.
Skin Science and Health – October 30, 2023
Do You Have Dry Scalp, Dandruff, or is it Seborrheic Dermatitis?
A dry and itchy scalp is irritating and often uncomfortable. Scalp conditions like dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis, and dry scalp are common problems, there are lots of reasons and several solutions.Anyone can get dry scalp or dandruff; The key is to pay attention to what is causing the scalp condition. Often, these are not isolated scalp conditions. You can have a combination of both dandruff and a dry scalp. Plus, you can also have skin issues linked to the scalp condition. Seeking professional advice from a dermatologist or your GP can help with diagnosing the problem.
Skin Science and Health – October 01, 2023
Pigmentation - Causes and Treatments
Uneven pigmentation is one of the most common complaints skin care professionals hear in the treatment room, right up there with ageing and acne concerns. Not surprisingly, these are typically interrelated — the client with concerns over her fine lines and wrinkles will likely complain about thespot or dark patches on his or her face.
Skin Science and Health – October 02, 2023
Acne - Causes and Treatment Options
Acne is a common, treatable skin condition normally associated with adolescents. In fact, 85% of teen boys and girls suffer with acne. However, acne also affects children and adults of all ages. 51% of women in their 20s, and 35% of women in their 30s suffer with acne.
Skin Science and Health – September 17, 2023
WHAT IS ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION?
We are used to hearing about sun exposure and the damage that it can do to your skin. From skin cancer to sun related ageing , it can take its toll on the body. However, it is important to keep in mind that not all sun exposure is bad and, if done in moderation, can be good for you and your body. However, before we get into the benefits, we should note that moderation is key here. Everyone should still take the proper precautions to protect themselves from Ultraviolet radiation, UV whenever they go outside and are at risk of being exposed to higher-than-safe radiation levels from the sun.
